HER2-positive breast cancer is a type of breast cancer in which tumor cells make too much of the HER2 protein, a growth-promoting receptor on the surface of cells. This form tends to grow and spread faster but often responds well to targeted treatments like trastuzumab (Herceptin) and pertuzumab (Perjeta). There are many active clinical trials for HER2-positive breast cancer, testing new antibody-drug conjugates, next-generation HER2 inhibitors, and combination immunotherapies to improve outcomes and prevent recurrence in both early-stage and metastatic disease.

Ivermectin is an FDA-approved antiparasitic medication commonly used to treat infections like river blindness and scabies. In recent years, some laboratory research has suggested that ivermectin may have the potential to exhibit anti-cancer properties, including the ability to inhibit tumor cell growth, block cancer signaling pathways, and enhance immune response.

However, as of 2025, ivermectin is not an approved cancer treatment, and evidence in humans remains quite limited. A few early-phase or exploratory clinical studies have investigated ivermectin’s potential role in breast cancer and other solid tumors, but these are small and mostly preclinical or pilot trials. Larger, controlled studies are still needed to determine whether ivermectin is safe or effective for breast cancer treatment.

Metastatic breast cancer (MBC) is cancer that has spread beyond the breast to other parts of the body, such as the bones, lungs, liver, or brain. Clinical trials for MBC are focused on developing new targeted therapies, immunotherapies, antibody-drug conjugates, and precision medicine approaches that address treatment resistance and prolong survival. There are hundreds of active metastatic breast cancer trials worldwide, including many in the U.S., enrolling patients across all subtypes—HR-positive, HER2-positive, and triple-negative—to test next-generation treatments and personalized combinations.

Sulforaphane is a natural compound found in cruciferous vegetables—especially broccoli, broccoli sprouts, kale, and Brussels sprouts. It’s known for its potential anti-cancer and antioxidant properties, which may help protect cells from DNA damage, reduce inflammation, and inhibit tumor growth.

There are now clinical trials investigating sulforaphane in breast cancer, including studies exploring its role in slowing tumor progression, enhancing chemotherapy response, and preventing recurrence. Some U.S. and international trials are testing sulforaphane-rich broccoli sprout extracts in both high-risk women and breast cancer survivors to evaluate its impact on biomarkers, detoxification enzymes, and long-term cancer prevention.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a form of breast cancer that does not express estrogen, progesterone, or HER2 receptors, making it more aggressive and harder to treat with standard hormone or targeted therapies. Clinical trials for TNBC are actively exploring new options such as immunotherapies, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), PARP inhibitors, and novel chemotherapy combinations. There are currently hundreds of TNBC clinical trials worldwide, many recruiting in the U.S., testing treatments designed to improve survival and reduce recurrence for patients with early-stage and metastatic disease.

In 2025, several breakthrough treatments are transforming breast cancer care. Inavolisib combined with standard therapy significantly improved survival for HR-positive/HER2-negative patients with PIK3CA mutations. Datopotamab deruxtecan (Datroway), a new antibody-drug conjugate, cut disease progression by over a third in advanced cases. Trastuzumab deruxtecan (Enhertu) plus Pertuzumab showed record survival in HER2-positive breast cancer, while early vaccine trials for triple-negative disease hint at promising future prevention strategies.